Argentina
Temporary Work Visa — New Employment Contract
Argentina's temporary work visa for a new employment contract covers a foreign national hired under a new contract by a company in Argentina.
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Argentina
Argentina's temporary work visa for a new employment contract covers a foreign national hired under a new contract by a company in Argentina.
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Austria
Austria's EU Blue Card, governed by the Settlement and Residence Act (NAG) and the Act Governing the Employment of Foreign Nationals (AuslBG), admits third-country citizens with a university degree from a programme of at least three years — or, for ICT professionals and service managers, three years of comparable pr…
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Austria
Austria's Red-White-Red Card for Skilled Workers in Shortage Occupations, governed by the Settlement and Residence Act and the Act Governing the Employment of Foreign Nationals, admits third-country citizens into occupations the Federal Minister of Labour and Economics promulgates each year in the shortage-occupatio…
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Belgium
Belgium's single permit for highly-qualified workers combines the work and residence authorisation in one procedure for non-EU nationals.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria's single work-and-residence permit lets a non-EU national take up employment with a specific employer.
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Canada
The Global Skills Strategy (GSS) offers faster, roughly two-week processing for certain highly skilled temporary workers' work permit applications, covering both LMIA-required (Global Talent Stream) and LMIA-exempt jobs, as well as accompanying family members, provided the application is submitted complete and onlin…
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Get startedCroatia
Third-country nationals may stay and work in Croatia on a stay-and-work permit under the Aliens Act.
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Cyprus
Cyprus has transposed the recast EU Blue Card Directive (Directive (EU) 2021/1883) into national law, establishing a legal pathway for third-country nationals to obtain an EU Blue Card residence-and-work permit for highly qualified employment.
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Czechia
The Czech employee card, a long-term residence permit governed by the Aliens Act (Act No.
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Czechia
The Czech government's fast-track economic migration programme for highly qualified employees streamlines the standard employee-card and visa procedures for participating employers and their recruited third-country nationals.
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Denmark
The Fast-Track Scheme lets companies certified by SIRI recruit foreign staff quickly, and the pay limit track is its salary-based branch: an annual salary of at least DKK 552,000 — the same pay limit as the ordinary Pay Limit Scheme, regulated every 1 January — with an employer certified by the Danish Agency for Int…
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Denmark
The Pay Limit Scheme (Beløbsordningen) grants a Danish residence and work permit on the strength of salary alone: a job offer in Denmark with an annual salary at or above the statutory minimum — DKK 552,000 for 2026, adjusted every 1 January — qualifies regardless of field or education.
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Denmark
Denmark's Positive List for People with a Higher Education lets a foreign national with a job offer in a listed shortage occupation apply for a residence and work permit at a lower salary bar than the standard Pay Limit Scheme.
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic's Temporary Worker Permit (PTT) is distinct from the general RT-3 labor residence: it is a non-resident permit specifically for a company hiring foreign personnel for agricultural or construction work, endorsed by a legally constituted Dominican company.
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic's Labor Temporary Residence (RT-3) is a one-year residence permit for a foreigner entering the country exclusively for work under an employment contract.
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Estonia
Estonia's residence permit for employment, issued by the Police and Border Guard Board under the Aliens Act, is the temporary permit for non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals working in Estonia — the umbrella covering skilled workers under general conditions, top specialists, start-up employees, scientists and lecturers, EU Bl…
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Ethiopia
Ethiopia's NGO Work Permit, issued by the Immigration and Citizenship Service (ICS), is for foreign nationals employed by non-governmental organisations operating in Ethiopia, and allows them to work and reside in the country for the duration of their NGO employment contract.
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France
France's multi-year 'travailleur saisonnier' (seasonal worker) residence card lets a non-European foreign national come to France repeatedly for seasonal work not exceeding a cumulative 6 months per year, while keeping their habitual residence abroad; it does not entitle the holder to family reunification.
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France
France's Talent "carte bleue européenne" multi-year residence card, governed by the Code de l'entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d'asile (CESEDA articles L421-7 to L421-25), authorises the holder to reside and work in France without the employer needing a separate work-authorisation request, and exempts t…
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Germany
Germany's EU Blue Card, its legal basis in Section 18g of the Residence Act (implementing Directive (EU) 2021/1883), is a residence permit for university graduates and third-country nationals with specific professional experience, promoting the permanent immigration of highly-qualified workers.
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Germany
Germany's ICT Card (Intra-Corporate Transfer), created under Sections 19, 19a and 19b of the Residence Act (Aufenthaltsgesetz) implementing EU Directive 2014/66, lets a manager, specialist or trainee employed by an undertaking headquartered outside the EU work temporarily at that undertaking's unit or units within t…
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Germany
Alongside the country-specific Western Balkans arrangement, Germany's Employment Ordinance (Beschäftigungsverordnung – BeschV) provides a separate short-term, quota-based employment route under Section 15d BeschV (read together with Section 26 BeschV) for foreign workers without a formally recognised vocational or a…
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Germany
Germany's Skilled Worker Residence Permit lets non-EU/EEA/Swiss (‘third-country’) nationals work in Germany without the EU Blue Card's salary threshold, along two statutory tracks under the Residence Act (Aufenthaltsgesetz, AufenthG): Section 18a for skilled workers with a recognised vocational training qualificatio…
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Germany
Germany's Western Balkans arrangement (Westbalkanregelung), set out in Section 26 subsection (2) of the Employment Ordinance (Beschäftigungsverordnung – BeschV) together with Section 6 BeschV and Section 19c subsections (1) and (2) of the Residence Act (Aufenthaltsgesetz), lets nationals of Albania, Bosnia and Herze…
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Ghana
Ghana's Work and Residence Permit for company-sponsored employees, administered by the Ghana Immigration Service (GIS), lets a foreign national who has been lawfully admitted into Ghana work and reside in the country once the sponsoring company submits an application letter addressed to the Comptroller-General of Im…
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Greece
Greece's EU Blue Card, implemented under the Immigration Code (Law 5038/2023), is available to third-country nationals holding a valid passport and a national visa for the purpose of highly-qualified employment.
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Greece
Employer-sponsored 12-month work+residence permit for hires at Elevate Greece-registered startups; salary >=1.6x Greek national average; tied exclusively to one employer.
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Hungary
Hungary's EU Blue Card, implementing the recast Directive (EU) 2021/1883, is a highly-qualified-employment residence permit requiring a valid work contract or binding job offer of at least 6 months, proof the applicant meets national or professional-qualification requirements as applicable, a valid travel document/v…
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Iceland
Iceland's Foreign Nationals' Right to Work Act (Lög um atvinnuréttindi útlendinga, No.
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Iceland
Iceland's work permit for a job requiring special skills, granted under Article 8 of Act No.
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India
The Employment Visa ('E' Visa) is India's principal work-authorisation category, administered under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) FAQ guidance issued to Indian diplomatic Missions/Posts and Foreigners Regional Registration Offices (FRRO/FRO).
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Indonesia
Indonesia's work-related visit visa (Visa Kunjungan untuk Bekerja) is a short-term entry visa — separate from the multi-year KITAS/ITAS work permit — for foreigners entering for purposes such as expert/skilled work, joining a ship or floating installation crew, clergy duties, paid professional activity, commercial f…
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Ireland
The General Employment Permit is Ireland's broad work permit, issued under the Employment Permits Acts for occupations that are not on the Critical Skills list but are not excluded either.
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Ireland
Ireland's Internship Employment Permit — issued by the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment under the Employment Permits Act 2006 as amended, replacing the old Internship class of Work Permit — admits full-time students, including post-graduates, enrolled in a third-level institution outside the State, pur…
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Ireland
The Intra-Company Transfer Employment Permit moves non-EEA senior management, key personnel and trainees from an overseas branch of a multinational to its Irish branch — the 'connected person'.
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Ireland
Ireland's Sport and Cultural Employment Permit — issued by the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment under the Employment Permits Act 2006 as amended — replaced the old sports professional class of Work Permit.
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Italy
Italy's EU Blue Card, transposing the recast Directive (EU) 2021/1883, is a highly-qualified-employment residence permit requiring a valid work contract or binding job offer of at least 6 months.
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Italy
Italy's subordinate work visa (visto per lavoro subordinato), administered through Italian consular posts abroad under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, is a national long-stay visa for a foreign national taking up dependent employment in Italy.
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Kenya
Kenya's Class D Work Permit, issued by the Directorate of Immigration Services, is for a person offered specific employment by a specific employer, who holds skills or qualifications not available in Kenya, and whose engagement will benefit the country.
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Latvia
Latvia's EU Blue Card, transposing the recast Directive (EU) 2021/1883, is a highly-qualified-employment residence permit requiring a valid work contract or binding job offer of at least 1 year, proof the applicant meets national or professional-qualification requirements as applicable, a valid travel document/visa/…
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Lithuania
Lithuania's employment-based route requires most non-EU/non-EEA workers to hold either a work permit issued by the Lithuanian Employment Service (Užimtumo tarnyba) or a mediation letter from the Migration Department, and then a national (D) visa or temporary residence permit.
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg's EU Blue Card requires the third-country national to hold a valid passport, meet higher professional qualification conditions, have an employment contract of at least 6 months for highly qualified work, and be offered a salary at least equal to the Grand-Ducal-regulation amount (EUR 58,968 for 2024).
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg's residence permit for third-country salaried workers requires two consecutive stages.
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Malta
The Key Employee Initiative (KEI) is Malta's fast-track single-permit route for third-country nationals with a firm job offer for a managerial or highly technical position requiring relevant qualifications or adequate experience.
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Malta
The Specialist Employee Initiative (SEI) is Malta's fast-track single-permit route (under the Single Permit Regulations, S.L.
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Nepal
The Working Visa, a Non-Tourist Visa category issued by Nepal's Department of Immigration (Non-Tourist Visa Section), is the sole legal basis on which a foreign national may accept employment and work in Nepal.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands implements the EU Blue Card under the (recast) EU Blue Card Directive (EU) 2021/1883, administered by the IND as a work-and-residence permit for highly educated migrants employed by a Dutch sponsor.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands' national Highly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant) scheme is the country's most-used route for knowledge workers, run by the IND (Immigration and Naturalisation Service) as an employer-sponsored, salary-based permit: the migrant does not apply independently — only a company the IND has registered as a …
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New Zealand
New Zealand's Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV), run by Immigration New Zealand, is the country's main temporary work visa.
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Nigeria
Nigeria's Combined Expatriate Residence Permit and Aliens Card (CERPAC), issued by the Nigeria Immigration Service, is a residence permit and identity document for foreigners residing or working in Nigeria, governed by Sections 37, 38, and 39 of the Immigration Act 2015 (covering residency, employment, and revocatio…
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Norway
Norway's skilled worker residence permit, issued by the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI), is for applicants who have completed higher education or vocational training and normally already hold a concrete job offer from a specific Norwegian employer, or run their own business.
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Peru
Peru's resident worker migratory status (calidad migratoria para trabajador residente), granted by the Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones (MIGRACIONES), is a residence visa for foreigners who intend to carry out paid work — whether as an employee or independently — for public- or private-sector entities in Per…
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Philippines
The Philippines' Pre-arranged Employment Visa (9G), issued by the Bureau of Immigration, is for foreign nationals coming to the Philippines to engage in any lawful occupation, whether for wages, salary, or other compensation.
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Poland
Poland's EU Blue Card, implementing the EU Blue Card Directive, is a single temporary residence-and-work permit for a third-country national whose primary purpose of stay exceeds three months and consists of employment in a profession requiring high qualifications (a university education, or at least three to five y…
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Poland
Poland's standard employer-sponsored work route combines a Type A work permit — issued by the voivode on the employer's application, specifying the employer, position, salary and validity of up to three years — with a national Type D visa obtained at a Polish consulate, which lets the holder enter and reside for ove…
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Poland
Poland.Business Harbour (PBH) is a Polish government programme, run by the Chancellery of the Prime Minister together with partner IT companies, that fast-tracks a national D23 visa for engineers and IT-sector workers relocating to Poland.
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Portugal
Portugal's Tech Visa is an accreditation programme, run by IAPMEI under Inter-ministerial Ordinance (Portaria) 328/2018 of 19 December as amended by Portaria 59-A/2022 of 28 January, that gives Portuguese companies a fast track to hire and retain highly qualified non-Schengen professionals.
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Romania
Romania's EU Blue Card, issued under the national implementation of the EU Blue Card Directive, certifies a third-country national's right to stay in Romania for highly-qualified employment and is obtained from the territorial units of the General Inspectorate for Immigration (IGI) in the applicant's county of resid…
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Rwanda
Rwanda's H2 permit, administered by the Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration, is issued to a foreign worker sponsored by their employer who possesses the required qualifications or relevant work experience — one of twelve named employment-permit categories the DGIE runs, alongside separate permits for g…
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Saudi Arabia
The Ajeer permit, issued electronically through the Ajeer platform (accessed via a worker's or facility's Qiwa account or the National Access Portal) under the authority of Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development, is a distinct, temporary work-authorisation document from the standard expatr…
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Saudi Arabia
Under Saudi Arabia's labour regulations administered by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (HRSD), an establishment (employer) in the Kingdom must obtain or renew a work licence/permit for each expatriate employee it sponsors, via the Qiwa electronic-services platform, as one of the conditions fo…
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Slovakia
Slovakia's EU Blue Card, implementing the EU Blue Card Directive and thus open only to non-EU nationals, requires a valid work contract or binding job offer for highly-qualified employment of at least six months' duration, together with documentary proof of the relevant higher professional qualifications, a valid pa…
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Slovakia
Slovakia's combined residence-and-work permit ("single permit", granted as a transitional/temporary residence permit for the purpose of employment under §23 of the Act on the Residence of Foreigners) is applied for in person by a third-country national — either abroad at a Slovak diplomatic mission, or, if already l…
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Slovenia
Slovenia's EU Blue Card is a single permit for highly-qualified employment, restricted to non-EU citizens, requiring an employment contract of at least one year signed by the employer for work performed by a person with at least a university education, guaranteeing a salary of at least 1.5 times the average annual g…
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Spain
Spain's general-regime employed-worker authorisation (Hoja 12) is requested by an employer for a foreign worker over 16 for paid employment lasting more than 90 days and under 5 years, under Organic Law 4/2000 (articles 36, 38, 40) and Royal Decree 1155/2024 (articles 72–79).
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Spain
Spain's collective management of contracts at source ("Contingente") lets one or more employers recruit foreign workers who are not present or resident in Spain through collective processing carried out in their country of origin, for either stable (annual-contract) or seasonal jobs.
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Spain
Alongside the EU Blue Card, Spain runs a separate national residence authorisation for highly qualified professionals under Article 71 and 71 bis of Law 14/2013, processed as a fast track by the Large Companies and Strategic Groups Unit (UGE-CE) rather than the general Extranjería offices.
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Spain
Spain's EU Blue Card (Tarjeta azul-UE) implements Directive 2021/1883 for third-country nationals in highly skilled employment, under Law 14/2013 (articles 61, 62, 71 and 71 bis).
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Sweden
Sweden's EU-blåkort is a combined residence-and-work permit issued by Migrationsverket to third-country nationals with a highly-qualified employment offer; EEA and Swiss citizens fall outside its scope and instead rely on free-movement or separate residence-permit routes.
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Sweden
Sweden's work permit is issued by the Swedish Migration Agency (Migrationsverket) to any non-EU/EEA/Swiss national — no nationality is excluded on the source page — who has an employment offer in Sweden, whether as a regular employee, a self-employed person, a temporary or seasonal worker, or an accompanying family …
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Sweden
Sweden's employer-sponsored work permit (arbetstillstånd) lets a non-EU/EEA citizen work for a specific employer once they have a signed employment contract meeting Swedish collective-agreement or industry-standard terms, employer-provided insurance (health, life, industrial injury, occupational pension), and — unde…
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Switzerland
Switzerland admits non-EU/EFTA nationals to its labour market only as managers, specialists or other qualified workers under Article 23 FNIA (Federal Act on Foreign Nationals and Integration), issued as a short-term L permit (up to 12 months, extendable) or a renewable one-year B permit.
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Tanzania
Tanzania's Residence Permit Class B, granted under the authority of the Director of Immigration Services, is issued to foreign expatriates with a rare profession, engaged to work for a company in the country.
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Uganda
Uganda's Class G2 Entry Permit, issued by the Directorate of Citizenship and Immigration Control, is the general work-permit category for foreign expatriates employed in Uganda, including salaried employees of NGOs.
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United Kingdom
The Charity Worker visa (Temporary Work) is the UK Home Office's sponsored route for unpaid voluntary work, replacing the Temporary Worker – Charity Worker visa (T5).
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United Kingdom
The Senior or Specialist Worker visa (Global Business Mobility) is the UK Home Office's intra-company transfer route, replacing the Intra-company Transfer visa (previously Tier 2 Intra-company Transfer Long-term Staff): it lets an existing employee of a multinational come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job a…
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United Kingdom
The Health and Care Worker visa is the UK Home Office's sponsored route for medical professionals coming to or staying in the UK to do an eligible job with the NHS, an NHS supplier, or in adult social care.
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United Kingdom
The International Sportsperson visa is the UK Home Office's sponsored route for elite sport, replacing the Sportsperson (T2) visa and the sporting part of the Temporary Worker – Creative and Sporting visa (T5).
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United Kingdom
The Minister of Religion visa (T2) is a sponsored-work route operated by the UK Home Office for people offered a job within a UK faith community — ministers of religion, missionaries, or members of religious orders.
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United Kingdom
The Scale-up Worker visa lets you come to the UK to do an eligible job for a fast-growing UK business that meets the Home Office's scale-up sponsorship criteria.
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United Kingdom
The Seasonal Worker visa (Temporary Work) is the UK Home Office's short-term sponsored route for farm labour, replacing the Temporary Worker – Seasonal Worker visa (T5).
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United Kingdom
The Skilled Worker visa is the United Kingdom's main sponsored work route, under Appendix Skilled Worker of the Immigration Rules (successor to Tier 2 General).
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United States
EB-2 is the second-preference employment-based immigrant category (INA 203(b)(2), 8 CFR 204.5) for members of the professions holding an advanced degree or persons of exceptional ability.
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United States
EB-3 is the third-preference employment-based immigrant category (INA 203(b)(3), 8 CFR 204.5, 20 CFR 656), open to skilled workers, professionals, and other (unskilled) workers.
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United States
The H-1B is the United States' primary nonimmigrant work visa for specialty occupations, governed by 8 CFR 214.2(h).
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United States
The L-1 nonimmigrant classification, defined at INA 101(a)(44) and 8 CFR 214.2(l), lets a US employer transfer a qualifying employee from an affiliated foreign office to a US office of the same organization (or send an employee to establish a new US office).
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United States
The O-1 nonimmigrant classification is a temporary work visa for individuals of extraordinary ability, defined at 8 CFR 214.2(o) and detailed in USCIS Policy Manual Volume 2, Part M.
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Zambia
Zambia's Employment Permit, issued by the Department of Immigration, is for a foreigner entering the country to take up employment for a period exceeding six months; it can be extended for periods up to a maximum of 10 years.
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Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe's Temporary Employment Permit, issued by the Department of Immigration under the Ministry of Home Affairs, authorises a foreign national to work for an organisation or company registered in Zimbabwe.
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